Thabo Mbeki

 

Thabo Mvuyelwa Mbeki (born 18 Khotavuxika 1942) i n'watipolitiki wa Afrika Dzonga loyi anga tirha tani hi murhangeri wa tiko wa vumbirhi e Afrika Dzonga kusukela hi ti 14 khotavuxika 1999 kuya fika hi ti 24 ndzhati 2008, loko a tshika ntirho hiku komberiwa hi vandla ra yena ra African National Congress (ANC). Emahlweni ka sweswo, ari xandla xa presidente ehansi ka murhangeri wa tiko wo sungula Nelson Mandela kusukela hi 1994 kuya eka 1999.

Rendzo ra murhangeri wa tiko Thabo Mbeki

N'wana wa Govan Mbeki, mutivi wa ndhuma wa ANC, Mbeki u nghenelerile eka tipolotiki ta ANC ku sukela hi 1956, loko a nghenela ANC Youth League, naswona u vile xirho xa National Executive Committee xa vandla ku sukela hi 1975. U velekiwile eTranskei, u sukile eAfrika Dzonga ari na makume mbirhi wa malembe kuya nghena yunivhesiti eEngland, naswona u hete kwalomu ka makume nharhu wa malembe ari evuhlongeni ematikweni yale handle, kufikela loko vandla ra ANC ringa yarisiwa hi 1990. U tlakukile hiku tirhisa nhlangano eka xiyenge xa wona xa mahungu na vuhangalasi bya mahungu xikan’we na tani hi Oliver Tambo ’s protégé, kambe ari mudiplomati loyi anga na ntokoto, a tirha tani hi muyimeri wa ximfumo wa ANC eka tindzhawu ta yona to hlaya ta xiAfrika. A ari muyimeri wosungula na murhangeri wa ti Diplomatic Engagements leswinga endla leswaku kuva na minkanerisano yo herisa xihlawuhlawu . Endzhaku ka nhlawulo wo sungula wa xidemokirasi eAfrika-Dzonga hi 1994, u thoriwile ku va xandla xa presidente wa tiko. Eka malembe lawa yanga landzela, switikomba leswaku ari mutlhandlami loyi a hlawuriweke wa Nelson Mandela, naswona u hlawuriwile anga kanetiwanga tani hi president wa ANC hi 1997, leswinga endla leswaku a tlakuka eka vupresidente tani hi khadindete wa ANC eka nhlawulo wa 1999 .

Ku kula ka yena

Loko ari xandla xa presidente, Mbeki a tekiwile tani hi mulanguteri wa pholisi ya mfumo ya Growth, Employment and Redistribution, leyi sunguriweke hi 1996, naswona tani hi president uyile emahlweni a tsarisa eka tipholisi ta macroeconomic letinga hlayisa ngopfu, letinga na xinghana eka makete. Hi nkarhi wa vupresidente bya yena, Afrika-Dzonga ri vile na ku wa ka swikweleti swa mfumo, ku hunguteka ka ku kayivela ka mpimanyeto, na ku kula ka ikhonomi loku nga cincekiki, loku ringaneleke. Kambe, hambi leswi a hlayiseke minongonoko yo hambana ya xidemokirasi xa vaaki, na ku ndlandlamuxiwa loku xiyekaka eka nongonoko wa ku nyika matimba eka ikhonomi ya vantima, vaxopaxopi a va tala ku teka tipholisi ta ikhonomi ta Mbeki tanihi neoliberal, hi ku nga tekeli enhlokweni swikongomelo swa nhluvukiso na ku hangalasiwa nakambe. Hi swivangelo leswi, Mbeki u kule a hambanisiwa na ripapa ra ximatsi ra ANC, na varhangeri va vatirhisani va ANC va Tripartite Alliance, Congress of South African Trade Unions, na South African Communist Party . I swiyenge leswi swa leftist leswi seketeleke Jacob Zuma eka Mbeki eka mphikizano wa tipolotiki lowu nga humelela endzhaku ka loko Mbeki a susile loyi wo hetelela eka xivandla xa yena tani hi xandla xa president hi 2005.