Leyiximeniyasisi
Leyiximeniyasisi, leyi tsariwaka kambe leyiximaniyosi ivuvabyi lebyi vangiwaka hiphurotozowenii xitsongwatsongwanaxa muxaka waLeyiximaniyana ku hangalasiwa hi ku lumiwa hi tinxaka tin'wana taSendifulayi.[1] Vuvabyi byi nga hangalaka hi tindlela tinharhu: nhlonge, marhimila, kumbe Leximeniyasisi ya le marhumbyini[1] Ya xivumbeko xa nhlonge yi vonaka hi tialisa ta nhlonge, kasi ya xivumbeko xa marhimila yi vonaka hi tialisa ta nhlonge, nomu, na tinhompfu, na ya le marhumbyini yi sungula hi tialisa ta nhlonge na ku tivonakisa hi mukhuhlwana, ngati yi tsongo eka tisele ta ngati yo tshuka, na ku kula ka rivengo na xivindzi. [1][2]
| Leyiximeniyasisi | |
|---|---|
  | |
| Description | |
| Type |
parasitic protozoa infectious disease (en)  , vector-borne disease (en) Mavabyi |
| Speciality |
infectious diseases (en) |
| Causes |
Leishmania (en) , Leishmania donovani (en) , Leishmania infantum (en) , Leishmania braziliensis (en) , Leishmania mexicana (en) , Leishmania major (en) Leishmania tropica (en) |
| Symptoms |
ulcer (en) , mouth ulcer (en) , fever (en) , splenomegaly (en) , anemia (en) hepatomegaly (en) |
|
physical examination (en) , ELISEA (en) , polymerase chain reaction (en) , hematology (en) Giemsa stain (en) | |
| Treatment | |
| Possible chemicals |
itraconazole (en) , Ketoconazole (en) , pentamidine (en) , miltefosine (en) nakambe paromomycin (en) |
| Identifiers | |
| DiseasesDB | 3266 29171 |
| MedlinePlus | 001386 |
| eMedicine | emerg/296 |
| MeSH |
D007896D007896 |
| Disease Ontology ID |
DOID:9065 |
Ku tlulela eka vanhu swi vangiwa hi ku tlula 20 wa tinxaka ta "Leyiximeniya".[1] Timhaka ta xungeto ti katsa, vusiwana, ku nga dyi kahle, ku tsemiwa ka mirhi, na ku rhurhela emadoropeni.[1] Tinxaka ha tinharhu hinkwato ti nga fembiwa hi ku vona xitsongwatsogwana eka mayikhirosikopi.[1] Ku tatisela, vuvabyi bya le marhumbyini byi nga voniwa hi ku endla swikambelwana swa ngati. [2]
Leyiximeniyasisi yi nga tsunguleka hi ku etlela ehansi ka tinete leti nga ni vutshunguri bya switsotswana.[1] Magoza yan'wana ya katsa ku fufuthela chefu ya switsotswana ku dlaya tisendifulayi na ku tshungula vanhu lava khomiweke hi vuvabyi ka ha ri na nkarhi ku sivela ku hangalaka ku ya emahlweni.[1] Vutshunguri lebyi lavekaka byi ya hi leswaku u byi kume kwihi vuvabyi, tinxaka ta "Leyiximeniya", na muxaka wa ntluleto.[1] Mirhi yin'wana leyi tirhisiwaka eka vuvabyi bya le marhumbyini yi katsa liposomali amphotheriyasini B, [3] Ku hlangana ka phentavheleti antimoniyalisina pharomosini, [3] na miltefosine.[4] eka vuvabyi bya nhlonge, pharomosin,,fulukunazolephenitamidini yi nga tirhiseka.[5]
Kwalomu ka 12 wa timiliyoni ta vanhu sweswi va tluletiwile [6] eka matiko yan'wana ya 98.[2] Kwalomu ka 2 wa timiliyoni wa timhangu letintshwa [2] na le xikarhi ka 20 na 50 wa magidi ya mafu ya va kona lembe na lembe.[1][7] Kwalomu ka 200 na miliyoni wa vanhu eAsia, Afrika, Dzongeni na le xikarhi ka America, na Dzonga wa Europe ti tshama eka tindhawu laha vuvabyi byi nga kona.[2][8] Nhlangano wa Rihanyu wa Misava wu kumile ku tsemeriwa eka mirhi yin'wana ya ku tshungula vuvabyi.[2] Vuvabyi byi nga kumeka eka nhlayo ya swiharhi swin'wana, ku katsa na timbyana na makondlo[1]
Ku yelanisa Lulamisa
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 "Leishmaniasis Fact sheet N°375". World Health Organization. January 2014. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Barrett, MP; Croft, SL (2012). "Management of trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.". British medical bulletin 104: 175–96. PMC 3530408. PMID 23137768. doi:10.1093/bmb/lds031.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sundar, S; Chakravarty, J (Jan 2013). "Leishmaniasis: an update of current pharmacotherapy.". Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy 14 (1): 53–63. PMID 23256501. doi:10.1517/14656566.2013.755515.
- ↑ Dorlo, TP; Balasegaram, M; Beijnen, JH; de Vries, PJ (Nov 2012). "Miltefosine: a review of its pharmacology and therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of leishmaniasis.". The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy 67 (11): 2576–97. PMID 22833634. doi:10.1093/jac/dks275.
- ↑ Minodier, P; Parola, P (May 2007). "Cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.". Travel medicine and infectious disease 5 (3): 150–8. PMID 17448941. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2006.09.004.
- ↑ "Leishmaniasis Magnitude of the problem". World Health Organization. Retrieved 17 February 2014.
- ↑ Lozano, R (Dec 15, 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0.
- ↑ Ejazi, SA; Ali, N (Jan 2013). "Developments in diagnosis and treatment of visceral leishmaniasis during the last decade and future prospects.". Expert review of anti-infective therapy 11 (1): 79–98. PMID 23428104. doi:10.1586/eri.12.148.